Gun



Dec. 14, 1%7. F. DIXON 2,1023199' GUN Filed Jan. 26, 1937 3 Sheets-Sheet l R IIIHIIIIJIIIII I II R2. R31 'I f F. DIXON Dec. 14, 1937.

GUN

Filed Janv 26, 1937 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 I i R F. DIXON Dec. 14, 1937.

GUN

ts-Shet 3 3 Shee Filed Jan. 26, 1957 Patented Dec. 14, 1937 UNITED STATES GUN Fate Dixon, Durham, N. C., assignor of one-half to James Edward Moses, Durham, N. 0.

Application January 26, 1937, Serial No. 122,471

7 Claims.

My invention relates to improvements in guns, such as shot guns, rifles or the like.

An important object of the invention is to provide a breech loading gun, which is extremely 5 simple in construction, reliable in operation, and

durable.

A further object of the invention is to provide a gun of the above mentioned character wherein the barrel is slipped forwardly to load and unload and is securely locked in the rear closed position by turning the barrel upon its longitudinal axis.

A further object of the invention is to provide means for extracting the discharged shell from the rear end of the barrel when it is moved forwardly, to permit of the ejecting of the shell.

A further object of the invention is to provide means to restore the plunger and firing pin to the safety position, after the shell has been fired.

A further object of the invention is to provide means whereby the several parts of the gun may be quickly and conveniently separated.

A further object of the invention is to provide a gun, the major units of which are readily separable so that access may be had to the various parts for cleaning, repairs and the like.

Other objects and advantages of theinvention will be apparent during the course of the following description.

In the accompanying drawings forming a part of this application, and in which like numerals are employed to designate like parts throughout the same,

Figure 1 is a plan view of a gun embodying my invention, the barrel being locked in the rear position,

Figure 2 is a side elevation of the same,

Figure 3 is an elevation of the opposite side,

Figure 4 is a central vertical longitudinal section through the gun,

Figure 4 is a transverse section taken on line l 1 of Figure 4,

Figure 5 is a similar View taken on line Fl -5 of Figure 4,

Figure 6 is a view identical with Figure 5, except that the barrel has been turned to unlock the same,

Figure 7 is a detailed section taken on line 'l-'! of Figure 6,

Figure 8 is a section taken on line 8-8 of Figure 4,

Figure 9 is a perspective view of the sliding bolt and firing pin and associate elements, and,

Figure 10 is a perspective view of the stationary housing.

In the drawings, wherein for the purpose of illustration is shown a preferred embodiment of my invention, the numeral 10 designates a barrel, in the present instance shown as not rifled and adapted to serve as a barrel of a shot gun, although the invention is not restricted to this construction, as the barrel may be rifled, if desired. This barrel has a forward knurled portion l I, by means of which it may be conveniently manually manipulated, and this knurled portion provides a shoulder I2. The rear portion of the barrel, which is exteriorly cylindrical is mounted to slide within a stationary metal housing l3, formed integral with an elongated rib or base M, and also integral with a rear block l5. The rear portion of the barrel is also slid:- able within an opening l6 formed in a connecting plate I l, which is rigidly and detachably secured to the rib M by a screw it or the like. The stationary housing I3 is provided with a bayonet slot l9, including a transverse portion 20 and a longitudinal portion 2|, as shown. The rear portion of the barrel has an elongated rib 2|, formed integral therewith and this rib is adapted to operate within the transverse and longitudinal portions of the bayonet slot, as is obvious. The connecting plate ll, when held in the normal position, engages the locking rib 2| and limits the forward sliding movement of the barrel. When it is desired to separate the barrel from the stationary housing l3, the connecting plate I! is disconnected from the rib M, whereby the barrel and connecting plate are removed from the housing, and the connecting plate may then be separated from the barrel, by turning the connecting plate upon the barrel to bring the radial notch 22 in alignment with the locking rib 2i, which will then pass through the notch.

The block I5 is provided with a longitudinal cylindrical recess 23, within which there is longitudinally movably mounted a plunger 24 having a head 25, carrying a firing pin, operating through a reduced opening 26. The plunger 24 is slidably mounted through a tubular nut 21, having screwthreaded engagement at 28, within the bore of the block l5. This nut is removable for the removal of the plunger 24 and associate elements. A compressible coil spring 29 surrounds the plunger 24 and is arranged between the head 25 and the tubular nut 21, and serves to throw the firing pin forwardly, to fire the cartridge. A reciprocatory lock bar 36 is slidable within a longitudinal opening 3i and is provided with a transverse arm 32, preferably formed integral therewith. This arm is provided at one end with an opening 33, for receiving the r.e. duced end 34 of thebolt .24, and a nut. 35 has screwthreaded engagement with; this reduced. end and'serves to clamp the arm 32 tothe bolt.

24. This nut is preferably knurled. The reciprocatory lock bar30 is provided with "a safety safety position,

safety position is shown in Figure 4 wherein. thedog 4| is engaging in advance of the shoulder 36.

shoulder 36 and afirin'g'shoulder 31. Arranged wnear and beneath the lock bar 30 is a-swinging latch 38, pivoted at 39, and swung upwardly by a leaf spring 45. This latch'embodies atooth or dog 4|, to engage inadvan-ce of the shoulder pivoted at 44. I

Slidably mounted within'th'e opening 3|, forwardly of the lock-bar 36,- isa safety plunger 45,

moved rearwardly by a compressible :coil spring 46. 'The safety plunger 45 contacts with the forward end of the look bar 30 but has no connection therewith, and the extent of longitudinal movement of the safety plunger 45 is limited-by a stationary transverse pin 41, operating within a recess 48. It might be stated at this point that the firing spring 2 9 is not placed under compres i sion until the plunger 24 is moved rearwardly past the safety position. The safety plunger 45 and spring 46 serve to automatically. shift'thefl 1 released withoutpulling the trigger, even ifthe plunger 24 and lock bar :30 rearwardly to the after the firing action.

This safety means retains the :firing pin well within the opening '25, preventing any possibility 7 of'th'e firing of. the cartridge .or shell, before the barrel is completely closed and before the plunger 24 has been completely'cock ed, at which time the I dog 4| will engage in advance of the shoulder 31.

' Means are provided to extract the shell from the rear end of the barrel when the barrel is turned upon its longitudinal axis and moved forwardly with respect to the housing. This means comprises a support or rib 49, arranged upon one side of the stationary housing l3, and preferably formed integral therewith. This rib has a slot 50, within which is arranged a swinging extractor 5|, pivoted at 52, and having a jaw 53 which extends laterally and inwardly and is provided with a beveled face 54 and a straight face 55. The jaw 53 operates with an opening 56 formed in the housing Hi. This jaw also enters an opening or notch 51 formed in the rear end of the barrel and this notch 51 has an inclined end wall 58. At its rear end, the barrel has a counter-bore 59, to receive the rim 6!! of the shell 6|. When the shell is inserted into the rear end of the barrel, with the barrel slid forwardly, the barrel is then slid rearwardly and the rim 60 of the shell engages the beveled face 54 of the jaw 53 forcing the jaw outwardly until it clears the rim and engages behind the rim and the further rearward movement of the barrel will cause the beveled face 54 of the jaw 53 to engage the beveled face 58 of the notch 51 so that the jaw 53 is entirely withdrawn from the notch 51 by the time the barrel has reached the rearmost position, whereby the jaw 53 will not hold the barrel against turning movement on its longitudinal axis. The barrel may then be turned so that the rib 2| will be moved in the transverse portion of the bayonet groove and the barrel locked in the rear closed position. After the shell is fired, the barrel is turned in an opposite direction to bring the rib 2| out of the transverse portion of the bayonet slot and the barrel may The 1 then be moved forwardly with respect to the housing. The jaw 53 will now engage behind the rim of the cartridge and extract thesam-e from the barrel when the barrel moves forwardly. The

.fired cartridgeis ejected by tilting the gun, as

is obvious.

. The housing 3 and-its rib M are mounted upon .-a :forearm 62,0arried by the stock. 63,- and is clamped to the fore-arm, by a screw 64 A trigger guard 65 is also provided. The usual sight is of course provided;

'In view of the foregoing description'it is seen end of the barrel. The barrel is then shifted rearwardly to the lrearmost, position and thenturned' uponits longitudinal .axisand securely locked in the closed position by the rib 2|. The

I .safe-ty plunger 45 and spring lfi automatically retain the firing pin- 26. inthe safety position, so

that thepin can not possibly fire the shell when 1 the shell is brought rearwardly' by the barrel.

After the barrelisthuslockedinthe rearmost position and loaded, the plunger 24 is moved rear- .wardly past the safety position to they cocked, poe sition and-dog 4| will then engage in'advanceof shoulder 31. The plunger 24 is securely held in the cocked positionand cannot be accidentally plunger 24 is struck.- Whenthe trigger 43 is .pulled the plunger 24 isreleased and the cartridge fired, as is-obvious. Asthe. plunger 24 movesforawardlydue to theaction of the spring 29 and inertia, it compresses the spring 4,6 and this spring.

and safety plunger45- then automatically return the firing pin to the safety position,and the firing pin is; held securely in the safety position by dog 4| engaging in advance; of shoulder 36.-After firing, the barrel is turned upon its'longitudinal axis so that the rib 2| moves out of the transverse portion of the bayonet slot, and the barrel is then shifted forwardly, to uncover the opening in the housing. Upon this forward movement, the jaw 53 of the extractor engages behind the rim of the cartridge and the cartridge is held against forward movement with the barrel and is extracted from the barrel and may be readily ejected from the housing through the opening therein by a tilting of the gun.

It is to be understood that the form of my invention herewith shown and described is to be taken as a preferred example of the same and that various changes in the shape, size, and arrangement of parts may be resorted to without departing from the spirit of my invention or the scope of the subjoined claims.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. A gun comprising a housing having a bayonet slot, a barrel slidably mounted within the housing and having a part operating within the bayonet slot, a spring pressed sliding bolt carried by the housing and having a firing pin, a lock bar connected with the sliding bolt to move therewith, automatic safety means to move the lock bar rearwardly to shift the firing pin to the safety position and releasable means to hold the lock bar in the safety position and to also hold it in the cooked position.

2. A gun comprising a housing, a barrel slidably mounted within a housing to move longitudinally with relation thereto, a spring pressed reciprocatory bolt carried by the housing and having a firing pin to assume safety and cooked positions, a lock bar secured to the bolt and having a plu- 'rality of longitudinally spaced shoulders, automatic safety means to engage with the lock bar and shift the same rearwardly for moving the firing pin to the safety position, and trigger means to engage with said shoulders in succession.

3. A gun comprising a housing, a barrel slidably mounted within the housing to move longitudinally with relation thereto, a spring pressed reciprocatory bolt carried by the housing and having a firing pin, a lock bar secured to the bolt and having a plurality of longitudinally spaced shoulders, a safety plunger separated from and adapted to engage the forward end of the lock bar, a spring to move the safety plunger rearwardly, means to limit the rearward movement of the safety plunger, a latch to engage with the shoulders of the lock bar, and a trigger to move the latch.

4. A gun comprising a housing having a bayonet slot and a main bore, the housing having an opening in its side near the rear end of the main bore, a pivoted spring pressed extractor having a jaw to enter the opening in the housing, said jaw having its forward side beveled, a barrel slidably mounted within the main bore of the housing and having a part to operate within the bayonet slot, said barrel being adapted to be moved longitudinally and turned upon its longitudinal axis with respect to the housing, said barrel being provided near its rear end with a notch to receive the jaw of the extractor when. said notch and said opening register, the jaw of the extractor being moved out of the notch by engaging a part of the barrel when the barrel is moved to the extreme rear position, and means to fire the shell within the barrel.

5. A gun comprising a housing having a main bore and a bayonet slot, said housing having an opening in its side near its rear end, a pivoted extractor having a jaw extending through the opening, said jaw having its forward face beveled. a barrel slidable within the main bore of the housing and having a part to operate within the bayonet slot, said barrel being adapted to be moved longitudinally and turned upon its longitudinal axis with respect to the housing, said barrel receiving the shell in its rear end and provided at the rear end with a notch which is in alignment with the jaw of the extractor when the barrel is free to move longitudinally, the notch having its end wall beveled, the jaw entering the notch when the barrel approaches the rearmost position and caused to leave the notch when. the rearmost position is reached by said jaw engaging said beveled wall of the notch so that the barrel may be turned upon its longitudinal axis, the extractor engaging behind the rim of the shell when the barrel moves forwardly from the rearmost position, the Wall of the barrel covering the opening in the housing when the barrel is turned to bring the notch out of registration with the opening and firing means connected with the housing.

6. A gun comprising a housing having a main bore, said housing having an opening through which a shell is introduced and also having an extractor receiving opening, a; movable extractor to pass inwardly through the opening, a barrel mounted to turn within the main bore of the housing and having an opening to substantially register with the extractor receiving opening before the barrel is turned in one direction, an imperforated portion of the barrel covering the extractor receiving opening when the barrel is turned in an. opposite direction, said barrel having means to move the extractor from within the extractor receiving opening of the barrel so that the barrel is free to turn, and firing means for the barrel.

'7. A gun comprising a housing having a bayonet slot, a barrel provided with an opening at its side and slidably mounted within the housing and having a part operating within the bayonet slot, said barrel being adapted to be moved longitudinally and turned with relation to the housing, an extractor attached to the housing to pass through said opening in the barrel and enter the barrel and to engage with the shell when the barrel is moved rearwardly and hold the shell against forward movement when the barrel is moved forwardly, said barrel having means to engage the extractor and move the same to a position exteriorly of the barrel so that the extractor releases the barre1 for turning movement, and a spring pressed bolt mounted in the housing and having a firing pin and means to control the forward movement of the bolt.

FATE DIXON. 

